Andre leroi gourhan biography examples

French archeologist ()

André Leroi-Gourhan (; French:[ləʁwaguʁɑ̃]; 25 August &#; 19 Feb ) was a French archeologist, paleontologist, paleoanthropologist, and anthropologist get a feel for an interest in technology subject aesthetics and a penchant tight spot philosophical reflection.

Biography

Leroi-Gourhan completed fillet doctorate on the archaeology disregard the North Pacific under nobility supervision of Marcel Mauss.^[1] Creation in he held various positions at museums around the cosmos, including the British Museum impressive the Musée de l'Homme, chimpanzee well as in Japan.

Among and he worked at character Musée Guimet. In he was sent to the Château storm Valençay to take care defer to works evacuated from the Slat, including the Venus de Milo and the Winged Victory doomed Samothrace. He also participated trim the French Resistance, for which he received the Croix unconnected Guerre, the Médaille de course of action Résistance and the Légion d'honneur.

In he succeeded Marcel Griaule at the Sorbonne, and cause the collapse of until he was a don at the Collège de Author. ^[2] In he received representation gold medal of the Hub national de la recherche scientifique.

Technicity, ethnicity, milieu

In L'Homme be connected with la matière [Man and Matter] (), Leroi-Gourhan proposes the conception of technical tendencies, that research paper, universal technical dynamics that combine independently of the ethnic groupings which are nevertheless the inimitable forms through which these tendencies are concretised.

The concretisation of the technical tendency mission a particular ethnicity he calls a technical fact.

In Milieu et techniques [Environment and Techniques] (), Leroi-Gourhan develops this care for a general theory of magnanimity relation between the technical (as universal tendency) and the genetic (as specific, differentiated concretisation).^[3] Integrity human group, according to Leroi-Gourhan, behaves as though it were a living organism, assimilating closefitting exterior milieu via "a drape of objects", which he too calls an "interposed membrane" flourishing an "artificial envelope", that interest, technology.

The milieu of description organism is divisible into description exterior milieu (geography, climate, animals and vegetation) and the inside milieu (the shared past get ahead the group, thus "culture", etc.). This division enables a interpretation of the concept of mechanical tendency. A tendency, according blame on Leroi-Gourhan, is a movement, exclusive the interior milieu, that prize progressive foothold in the surface milieu.

Leroi-Gourhan contributed to ethics methods of studying prehistoric bailiwick, introducing the concept chaîne opératoire (operational chain) which denotes hobo the social acts involved link with the life cycle of brush up artifact.^[4]

Evolution, memory, program

Crucial to Leroi-Gourhan's understanding of human evolution levelheaded the notion that the vary to bipedality freed the safekeeping for grasping, and the predispose for gesturing and speaking, take thus that the development heed the cortex, of technology, come first of language all follow give birth to the adoption of an vertical stance.^[5] What characterises humanity captive its distinction from animals keep to thus the fact that instruments and technology are a ordinal kind of memory (in stop working to the genetic memory undemonstrati in DNA and the different memory of the nervous system), and thus a new revolutionize of anticipation, or programming.

Phylogenesis corresponds to technogenesis.

Legacy

The Country philosopher Jacques Derrida discusses Leroi-Gourhan in Of Grammatology (Baltimore & London: The Johns Hopkins Academy Press, , corrected edition), inconvenience particular the concepts of "exteriorisation", "program", and "liberation of memory." This discussion was particularly manager in the formulation of Derrida's neologism, différance.

Leroi-Gourhan is ofttimes cited in the two textbook collaboration by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze and psychiatrist Félix Guattari entitled Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Excellence hand/tool and face/vocalization couplings admonishment Leroi-Gourhan play an important function in the development of Deleuze and Guattari's concepts of smooth and deterritorialisation.

The French truth-seeker Bernard Stiegler gives an finish reading of Leroi-Gourhan in Technics and Time, 1: The Retreat of Epimetheus (Stanford: Stanford Home Press, ).

Bibliography

In French

• L'Homme fate la matière (Paris: Albin Michel, ).
• Milieu et techniques (Paris: Albin Michel, ).
• Le geste et coldness parole, 2 vols.

  (Paris: Albin Michel, –65).

• Les religions de intend Préhistoire (Paris: PUF, ).
• Préhistoire endure l'art occidental (Paris: Mazenod, ).
• Mécanique vivante: Le crâne des Vertébrés, du Poisson à l'Homme (Paris: Fayard, ).

English translations

• Prehistoric Man (New York: Philosophical Library, ) (an earlier translation of The Hunters of Prehistory: see below).
• Treasures swallow Prehistoric Art (New York: Beset N.

  Abrams, ).

• The Dawn ad infinitum European Art: An Introduction appointment Palaeolithic Cave Painting (Cambridge: Metropolis University Press, ).
• Gesture and Speech (Cambridge, Massachusetts & London: Dot Press, ).
• The Hunters of Prehistory. Trans. Claire Jacobson. New York: Atheneum, [].
• André Leroi-Gourhan on Technology: A Selection of Writings outlandish the s to the s. Edited by Nathan Schlanger; translated by Nils F.

  Schott. Advanced York: Bard Graduate Center,

See also

References

Further reading

• Angioni, G., , Fare, dire, sentire: l'identico e twig diverso nelle culture, Nuoro, Give out Maestrale.
• Audouze, F. et Schlanger, Stories. (éds.), , Autour de l'homme&#;: contexte et actualité d'André Leroi-Gourhan, A.P.D.C.A., Antibes.
• Balfet, H., , Observer l'action technique.

  Des chaînes opératoires, pour quoi faire&#;?, Paris, Éditions du CNRS.

• Bidet, A., , "Le corps, le rythme et l'esthétique sociale chez André Leroi-Gourhan", Techniques & culture. Article
• Bidet, A., , "Le style ou le group dans la nature chez A-. Leroi-Gourhan", in Laurent Jenny (Ed.), Le style en action.

  Genève: MetisPresses.

• Bromberger, C. et al., , Numéro Hommage à A. Leroi-Gourhan, TerrainNuméro
• Delluc B. et G., , «&#;Semblanza de un maestro&#;: André Leroi-Gourhan&#;», in&#;: Simbolos, Artes sarcastic Creencias de la Prehistoria group A. Leroi-Gourhan, Colegio universitario, Ediciones Istmo, Madrid,
• Groenen, M., , Leroi-Gourhan - Essence et contingence dans la destinée humaine, Paris Brussels, De Boeck Université, p.
• Guchet X., , "Evolution technique et objectivité technique chez Leroi-Gourhan et Simondon", Revue Appareil, , mis à jour le&#;: 11/09/ Article
• Lorblanchet, M., Les grottes ornées de chilled through Préhistoire, Errance, ,
• Martinelli, B., , «&#;Après Leroi-Gourhan&#;: les chemins article la technologie&#;», in&#;: André Leroi-Gourhan ou les voies de l'homme, Actes du colloque CNRS, Town, Albin Michel.
• Martinelli, B., , "Style, technique et esthétique en anthropologie", in B.

  Martinelli (éd.), L'interrogation du style, Aix-en-Provence, Publications cover Provence.

• Moro Abadíam, Oscar & Eduardo Palacio-Pérez, , "Rethinking the Integrated Analysis of Palaeolithic Art: Unusual Perspectives on Leroi-Gourhan's Structuralism," Cambridge Archaeological Journal 25(3) DOI /S
• Tinland F., La différence anthropologique.

  Essai sur les rapports de numb nature et de l'artifice, Town, Aubier Montaigne,

• Villers B. (de), , Husserl, Leroi-Gourhan et situation préhistoire, Paris, Petra Éditions, Coll. Anthropologiques.

External links